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Cavities and gum disease: what they are and how they start
Two common problems cause most dental trouble. Both start quietly, and both are far easier to deal with early.
How a cavity forms
Your mouth is home to bacteria. When they feed on sugars and starches, they make acid. Each acid attack removes minerals from enamel. Saliva and fluoride help put minerals back, but if the attacks keep coming, a weak spot becomes a hole. This is why how often you eat or sip sugary things matters as much as how much.
Early signs, and why you may not feel them
Early decay often hurts nothing. Later signs can include sensitivity to sweet, hot or cold, a visible dark spot, or a rough edge your tongue keeps finding. Checkups and X-rays can spot trouble before it hurts.
Gum disease in two stages
- Gingivitis: red, puffy gums that bleed when you brush. Often reversible with good daily cleaning.
- Periodontitis: the infection reaches the bone that supports teeth. Gums may pull back or teeth may loosen. This needs professional treatment and ongoing care.
What lowers your risk
- Fluoride toothpaste, twice a day.
- Cleaning between teeth daily.
- Fewer sugary snacks and sipped drinks spread through the day.
- Regular checkups at the interval your dentist suggests.
- Not smoking or vaping, which is a major risk factor for gum disease.
Good to know
Some health conditions, such as diabetes, and some medicines can affect your gums or dry your mouth. Mention both to your dentist.
General information only. Crownivo is not a dental or medical provider and this is not dental or medical advice. Talk with your own dentist about your situation. In an emergency, call 911.